egypt.gms : Egypt Agricultural Model

Description

This model was used to analyze the current and future demands
for irrigation water and to formulate investment programs
in the water sector of Egypt.


Large Model of Type : LP


Category : GAMS Model library


Main file : egypt.gms

$title Egypt Agricultural Model (EGYPT,SEQ=75)

$onText
This model was used to analyze the current and future demands
for irrigation water and to formulate investment programs
in the water sector of Egypt.


Kutcher, G P, The Agro-Economic Model, Master Plan for Water
Resources Development. Tech. rep., UNDP-EGY-73/024, 1980.

Keywords: linear programming, investment planning, water resources management,
          agricultural economics
$offText

$sTitle Set Definition
Set
   c  'crops' / lo-berseem, sh-berseem, wheat     , barley
                horse-bean, lentils   , ot-legumes, flax
                w-onion   , w-tomato  , w-veget   , cotton
                rice      , s-maize   , sorghum   , soyabeans
                groundnut , sesame    , s-potato  , s-tomato
                s-veget   , n-maize   , n-potato  , n-tomato
                n-veget   , citrus    , sugarcane , veg-oil
                maize     , s+n-tomato, potato                /
   tm 'time periods' /oct, nov, dec, jan, feb, mar
                      apr, may, jun, jul, aug, sep /
   r  'regions by barrages'  / u-egypt,   m-egypt,  e-delta, m-delta, w-delta /
   z  'agricultural zones'   / upper  ,   middle ,  delta  /
   d  'agricultural inputs'  / protein,   starch ,  seed, misc
                               pest   ,   n-fer  ,  p-fer      /
   zr(z,r) 'map from zones to regions'  / upper.u-egypt
                                          middle.m-egypt
                                          delta.(e-delta,m-delta,w-delta) /
   s       'agricultural seasons' / winter, summer, nili   /
   sv(s,c) 'vegetables by season' / winter.(w-veget, w-tomato, w-onion)
                                    summer.(s-veget, s-tomato, s-potato)
                                    nili  .(n-veget, n-tomato, n-potato)  /
   cn(c)   'crops sold in national market'
   ag      'regional data' / area, farmers, starch, protein /
   nt(ag)  'nutrients for livestock'     / protein, starch  /
   cf(c)   'fodder crops'
   ct(c)   'fodder crops transportable'  / wheat, barley    /
   cfg(c)  'green fodder crops' / lo-berseem, sh-berseem, sugarcane
                                  s-maize   , n-maize   , sorghum   /
   cfd(c)  'dry fodder crops'   / wheat,      barley,     rice      /;

$sTitle National Demand Data
Table demdat(c,*) 'demand data'
                   import-p  base-p  export-p  domes-cons   elas
*                    (l.e.)  (l.e.)    (l.e.)  (1000 ton)
   wheat               96.8      88       88         7634  -0.55
   barley              94.6      86       86          114  -0.20
   horse-bean         267.3     199      243          254  -0.63
   lentils            419.1     381      381           65  -0.80
   ot-legumes         267.3     240      243           55  -0.63
   w-tomato           126.5      87      115         1006  -0.75
   cotton             419.1     300      380          530  -1.00
   maize              143.0     123      130         3231  -0.68
   s+n-tomato          82.5      60       75         1636  -0.75
   w-veget            143.0     100      130         1055  -0.75
   sorghum            126.5     119      115          643  -0.64
   sugarcane           18.7      15       16        11121  -0.57
   w-onion             71.5      62       65          568  -0.64
   flax                33.0      30       30          171  -1.00
   rice               121.0      81      110         2382  -0.74
   groundnut          518.1     280      471           25  -1.00
   sesame             704.0     600      640           97  -1.00
   soyabeans          432.3     210      393          110  -1.00
   potato              94.6      80       85         1230  -0.77
   s-veget             71.5      65       65         2333  -0.75
   n-veget             77.0      70       70          730  -0.77
   citrus              93.5      85       85         1102  -1.64
   veg-oil            500.5     455      455          395  -1.20;

cn(c) = yes$demdat(c,"domes-cons");

$sTitle Regional Data
Table agrreg(r,ag) 'agricultural regions data'
                    area  farmers     starch    protein
*               (1000 f) (1000"s) (1000 ton) (1000 ton)
   u-egypt          1195     1202        987        176
   m-egypt          1009      986       1057        202
   e-delta          1334     1156       1720        360
   m-delta          1436     1110       1739        351
   w-delta           746      541        949        197;

Table regwat(r,tm) 'available water for each region (m m3 per month)'
              oct   nov   dec   jan   feb   mar
   u-egypt   1084  1114   930   383   789   841
   m-egypt    630   617   573   188   560   703
   e-delta    864   939   719   418   931   979
   m-delta    853   944   718   383   899   946
   w-delta    767   732   538   172   637   766

   +          apr   may   jun   jul   aug   sep
   u-egypt    961  1074  1197  1301  1373  1181
   m-egypt    660   720   798   958   922   683
   e-delta   1023  1083  1480  1708  1597  1134
   m-delta    926  1041  1428  1713  1552  1085
   w-delta    752  858   1129  1213  1125   858;

Table regwagm(r,tm) 'average wages for men (egyptian pounds per day)'
             oct  nov  dec  jan  feb  mar
   u-egypt   1.4  1.4  1.3  1.3  1.3  1.5
   m-egypt   1.3  1.3  1.3  1.3  1.3  1.3
   e-delta   1.3  1.3  1.3  1.0  1.2  1.2
   m-delta   1.3  1.3  1.3  1.0  1.0  1.0
   w-delta   1.3  1.3  1.2  1.0  1.0  1.2

   +         apr  may  jun  jul  aug  sep
   u-egypt   1.5  1.5  1.5  1.5  1.5  1.5
   m-egypt   1.3  1.3  1.3  1.3  1.5  1.5
   e-delta   1.2  1.4  1.8  1.5  1.5  1.5
   m-delta   1.0  1.3  1.5  1.5  1.5  1.5
   w-delta   1.2  1.5  1.5  1.5  1.5  1.5;

$sTitle Crop Data
Table yield (c,r) 'yield for different commodities'
                   u-egypt  m-egypt  e-delta  m-delta  w-delta
*                      ton      ton      ton      ton      ton
   wheat              1.29     1.36     1.39    1.404     1.36
   barley             1.41     1.26     1.33     .984      .96
   horse-bean         1.12      .80      .96     .97       .91
   lentils             .46
   ot-legumes          .71      .73      .61     .50
   flax                                 3.14    2.45      2.29
   w-onion           11.19     8.85             9.20
   w-tomato                    4.66     5.31    5.15
   w-veget            5.48     6.42     6.83    6.83      6.83
   cotton             1.13     1.00     1.18    1.13      1.18
   rice                                 2.37    2.34      2.49
   s-maize            2.00     1.89     1.79    1.97      1.69
   sorghum            1.67     1.49
   soyabeans           .89      .95     1.04    1.18      1.29
   groundnut           .89               .78
   sesame              .48
   s-potato                    7.15             7.15      7.15
   s-tomato           7.21     7.51     9.40    9.60      8.15
   s-veget            7.06     9.0      8.46    8.46      8.46
   n-maize            1.28     1.33     1.51    1.56      1.35
   n-potato           9.43     7.34     7.19    7.46      6.70
   n-tomato           7.44     7.30     8.28    6.78      8.20
   n-veget            6.60     6.83     7.16    7.16      7.16
   citrus             7.93     7.93     9.50    6.73
   sugarcane         39.22                                    ;

Table indprod(c,r) 'industrial by product yield    (tons per feddan)'
                    u-egypt  m-egypt  e-delta  m-delta  w-delta
   horse-bean          1.29     1.15     1.05     1.05     1.05
   rice                                  1.25     1.25     1.25;

Table feed(c,z) 'by product yield for animal feed  (tons per feddan)'
                 upper  middle   delta
   lo-berseem   27.300  25.700  22.500
   sh-berseem   12.500  10.600   9.000
   wheat         1.890   2.110   2.160
   barley        1.370   1.490   1.400
   lentils       0.650
   cotton        1.600   1.400   1.700
   rice                          1.250
   s-maize       1.950   2.190   2.010
   sorghum       2.400   2.600
   soyabeans     0.750   0.850   1.000
   n-maize       1.370   1.400   1.600
   sugarcane     8.000                ;

cf(c) = yes$sum(z, feed(c,z));

Table cropdat (c,*) 'seed protein starch misc costs and pestic data'
                     protein  starch   seed   misc  pest  n-fer  p-fer
*                          %       %    ton     le    le    ton    ton
   lo-berseem            2.0     9.0   .020    5.0   8.0  0.000  0.015
   sh-berseem            2.0     9.0   .020    5.0        0.000  0.015
   wheat                  .1    23.3   .075   12.0        0.054  0.015
   barley                 .1    23.3   .060    8.0        0.045  0.015
   horse-bean                          .078    8.0   8.0  0.007  0.022
   lentils               2.1    24.0   .080    5.0        0.007  0.015
   ot-legumes            3.1    43.2   .053    3.0        0.007  0.015
   flax                                .080    8.0        0.046  0.015
   w-onion                             .060    5.5  37.0  0.062  0.015
   w-tomato                            .020   25.0  60.0  0.090  0.023
   w-veget                             .050   25.0  10.0  0.047  0.023
   cotton               37.3    46.0   .060   20.0  44.0  0.050  0.015
   rice                  9.6    70.0   .060   12.0  16.0  0.046  0.015
   s-maize               2.1     8.5   .023    8.0   6.0  0.062  0.015
   sorghum               2.1     8.5   .035    8.0   4.0  0.060  0.015
   soyabeans            40.5    69.5   .040   10.0  10.0         0.015
   groundnut              .3     5.9   .050    5.0   2.0         0.015
   sesame                              .005    8.0   3.0  0.060  0.015
   s-potato                            .750   15.0  55.0  0.008  0.022
   s-tomato                            .003   25.0  65.0  0.090  0.022
   s-veget                             .002   25.0  60.0  0.062  0.022
   n-maize               2.1     8.5   .023    8.0   4.5  0.062  0.015
   n-potato                           1.750   15.0  55.0  0.065  0.022
   n-tomato                            .003   25.0  70.0  0.093  0.022
   n-veget                             .003   20.0  60.0  0.047  0.023
   citrus                                     25.0  80.0  0.300  0.100
   sugarcane              .6    11.8  6.000   10.0   3.0  0.093  0.015;

Table land(c,z,tm) 'land requirements by crops'
                          oct     nov     dec   jan     feb     mar
   lo-berseem.upper        .5     1       1       1     1       1
   lo-berseem.middle       .6     1       1       1     1       1
   lo-berseem.delta        .6     1       1       1     1       1
   sh-berseem.upper        .5     1       1       1     1       1
   sh-berseem.middle       .6     1       1       1     1
   sh-berseem.delta        .6     1       1       1     1
   wheat.upper             .3     1       1       1     1       1
   wheat.middle            .2     1       1       1     1       1
   wheat.delta                     .8     1       1     1       1
   barley.upper                    .6     1       1     1       1
   barley.middle                   .2     1       1     1       1
   barley.delta                    .6     1       1     1       1
   horse-bean.upper        .2     1       1       1     1       1
   horse-bean.middle       .1      .8     1       1     1       1
   horse-bean.delta                .8     1       1     1       1
   lentils.upper                  1       1       1     1        .3
   ot-legumes.upper                .5     1       1     1       1
   ot-legumes.middle               .5     1       1     1       1
   ot-legumes.delta                .5     1       1     1       1
   flax.delta                      .4     1       1     1       1
   w-onion.upper                           .6     1     1       1
   w-onion.middle                          .5     1     1       1
   w-onion.delta                           .7     1     1       1
   w-tomato.middle        1       1       1       1      .5
   w-tomato.delta         1       1       1       1      .5
   w-veget.upper          1       1       1       1     1
   w-veget.middle         1       1       1       1     1
   w-veget.delta          1       1       1       1     1
   cotton.upper                                                 1
   cotton.middle                                                1
   cotton.delta                                                 1
   rice.delta              .5
   s-potato.middle                                       .4     1
   s-potato.delta                                        .7     1
   s-tomato.upper                                        .4     1
   s-tomato.middle                                       .6     1
   s-tomato.delta                                        .3     1
   s-veget.upper                                        1       1
   s-veget.middle                                       1       1
   s-veget.delta                                        1       1
   n-maize.upper          1       1
   n-maize.middle         1       1
   n-maize.delta          1       1
   n-potato.upper         1       1
   n-potato.middle        1       1
   n-potato.delta         1       1
   n-tomato.upper         1       1
   n-tomato.middle        1       1
   n-tomato.delta         1       1
   n-veget.upper          1
   n-veget.middle         1
   n-veget.delta          1
   citrus.upper           1       1       1       1     1       1
   citrus.middle          1       1       1       1     1       1
   citrus.delta           1       1       1       1     1       1
   sugarcane.upper        1       1       1       1     1       1

   +                      apr     may   jun    jul    aug    sep
   lo-berseem.upper       1       1
   lo-berseem.middle      1       1
   lo-berseem.delta       1        .7
   wheat.upper            1
   wheat.middle           1        .2
   wheat.delta            1        .6
   barley.upper            .5
   barley.middle          1        .4
   barley.delta           1        .4
   horse-bean.upper        .3
   horse-bean.middle       .5
   horse-bean.delta        .5
   ot-legumes.upper        .5
   ot-legumes.middle       .5
   flax.delta              .4
   w-onion.upper          1
   w-onion.middle         1
   w-onion.delta          1
   cotton.upper           1       1       1    1      1      1
   cotton.middle          1       1       1    1      1      1
   cotton.delta           1       1       1    1      1      1
   rice.delta                     1       1    1      1      1
   s-maize.upper                   .5     1    1      1      1
   s-maize.middle                  .6     1    1      1      1
   s-maize.delta                   .6     1    1      1      1
   sorghum.upper                   .3     1    1      1      1
   sorghum.middle                  .3     1    1      1      1
   soyabeans.upper         .5     1       1    1       .5
   soyabeans.middle        .4     1       1    1       .5
   soyabeans.delta         .4     1       1    1       .7
   groundnut.upper         .5     1       1    1       .5
   groundnut.middle        .4     1       1    1       .7
   groundnut.delta         .5     1       1    1       .6
   sesame.upper                   1       1    1      1       .6
   s-potato.middle        1       1       1     .5
   s-potato.delta         1       1       1     .3
   s-tomato.upper         1       1       1     .6
   s-tomato.middle        1       1       1     .5
   s-tomato.delta         1       1       1     .4
   s-veget.upper          1       1       1
   s-veget.middle         1       1       1
   s-veget.delta          1       1       1
   n-maize.upper                                .5    1      1
   n-maize.middle                               .8    1      1
   n-maize.delta                                .6    1      1
   n-potato.upper                                     1      1
   n-potato.middle                                    1      1
   n-potato.delta                                     1      1
   n-tomato.upper                              1      1      1
   n-tomato.middle                             1      1      1
   n-tomato.delta                              1      1      1
   n-veget.upper                               1      1      1
   n-veget.middle                              1      1      1
   n-veget.delta                               1      1      1
   citrus.upper           1       1       1    1      1      1
   citrus.middle          1       1       1    1      1      1
   citrus.delta           1       1       1    1      1      1
   sugarcane.upper        1       1       1    1      1      1  ;

Table  laborm(c,z,tm) 'labor requirements by crops (man-days)'
                       oct     nov     dec     jan     feb     mar
   lo-berseem.upper    1.5     2.5     2.5      .5     3.5     3.5
   lo-berseem.middle   1.5     3       3.5      .5     3.5     3.5
   lo-berseem.delta    2.6     3.4     3.5      .5     3.5     5.5
   sh-berseem.upper    1.5     1.5     4.5      .5     4.5     2
   sh-berseem.middle   3       2       2.5      .5     3       2
   sh-berseem.delta    1.5     1       4.5      .5     3       2
   wheat.upper         2       5.5     2.5      .5      .5      .5
   wheat.middle        1       3       1.5      .5     1.5     1.5
   wheat.delta                 4.5     1.5      .5      .5     1.5
   barley.upper                5       1.5      .5      .5      .5
   barley.middle               1.5     3        .5      .5      .5
   barley.delta                3.7     3.3      .5      .5      .5
   horse-bean.upper    1.8     6.7     3.5             1       1
   horse-bean.middle   1.2     8.8     4        .5      .5      .5
   horse-bean.delta            3.2     3.8     1.5      .5      .5
   lentils.upper               9        .5      .5     9       7
   ot-legumes.upper            9.5     9.5     5.5     5.5      .5
   ot-legumes.middle           9.5     9.5     6.5     4.5      .5
   ot-legumes.delta            9.5     9.5     5.5     4       1.5
   flax.delta                  2.6     3.5     1        .5      .5
   w-onion.upper                      13      12.5     5       1
   w-onion.middle                      7.5    13.5     6       1
   w-onion.delta                       7.5     7       3       1
   w-tomato.middle     7.5     1.5     6       7       9.5     5
   w-tomato.delta      16      5       6.5     3.5    10.5    10
   w-veget.upper       7       7       3       3       3       4
   w-veget.middle      7       7       3       3       3       5
   w-veget.delta      10       6       2       4       3       6
   cotton.upper        5                                       8
   cotton.middle       4                                       8
   cotton.delta        6                                       5
   rice.delta          9.5     4.1
   s-maize.upper       7
   s-maize.middle      5
   s-maize.delta       6
   sorghum.upper       6
   sorghum.middle      7
   s-potato.middle                                     5       8.5
   s-potato.delta                                     11       4
   s-tomato.upper                                     12       5
   s-tomato.middle                                    14.5     7
   s-tomato.delta                                      6       9
   s-veget.upper                                      12       14
   s-veget.middle                                     11       15
   s-veget.delta                                      12       15
   n-maize.upper        .5     3
   n-maize.middle      8       9.5
   n-maize.delta       4.5     4.5
   n-potato.upper      6       1.5     8.5
   n-potato.middle     7        .5     8.5
   n-potato.delta      2       8       8
   n-tomato.upper      5       3
   n-tomato.middle     8       5
   n-tomato.delta      8.5     5.5
   n-veget.upper      10       3
   n-veget.middle     10       4
   n-veget.delta       9       4
   citrus.upper        2       2       9      20       1.5     1.5
   citrus.middle       2       3       8      19       1.5     2.5
   citrus.delta        2       3      10      18       2.5     1.5
   sugarcane.upper     1      13      13      13      13

   +                     apr     may     jun     jul     aug     sep
   lo-berseem.upper      5.5     2
   lo-berseem.middle     4.5     2.5
   lo-berseem.delta      5.5     2.5
   wheat.upper            .5    12
   wheat.middle          1.5    16
   wheat.delta           1.5    12
   barley.upper         10       4
   barley.middle         2.5    12.5
   barley.delta          1.5    12.5
   horse-bean.upper     11       3
   horse-bean.middle     7       6
   horse-bean.delta      7       7
   ot-legumes.upper      3.3     3.3
   ot-legumes.middle     4       2.5
   flax.delta            8      10
   w-onion.upper        18       5.5
   w-onion.middle        6
   w-onion.delta         1       8
   cotton.upper          7       5       6       2       2       1
   cotton.middle        12.5     8       8       2       2       1
   cotton.delta          5.5     4       5       1.5     1.5     1
   rice.delta                    6.2     1.8      .5     1       1
   s-maize.upper                 4.5    11       7       2       6
   s-maize.middle                3.4     9.6     6       1.8     2.5
   s-maize.delta                 3.7     8.8     8       1       5
   sorghum.upper                 2.5     7       6       6.5     4.5
   sorghum.middle                5       6       6       5.5     4
   soyabeans.upper       7      14.5     6       6       7.5     6.5
   soyabeans.middle      7      14.5     6       6       7       5
   soyabeans.delta       3      15.5     6       1       4       6
   groundnut.upper       4.2     5.7     2.1     1       2       2.5
   groundnut.middle      5       6       2       1       4       1
   groundnut.delta       5       5       2       1       3       2
   sesame.upper                  3       5.5     3        .5    10.6
   s-potato.middle       8       5       7       5
   s-potato.delta        9       8       7       4
   s-tomato.upper        3.5     3       3       3
   s-tomato.middle       5.5     5       5       3
   s-tomato.delta        9       8       8       4
   s-veget.upper        10      12      10       5
   s-veget.middle        9      13      11       3
   s-veget.delta        11      11       8       4
   n-maize.upper                                 6.3     6.3     6
   n-maize.middle                                7       7.5     7
   n-maize.delta                                 5       7.5     5
   n-potato.upper                                       19       5.5
   n-potato.middle                                      16       5.5
   n-potato.delta                                       17       9
   n-tomato.upper                               11.5     3.5     5
   n-tomato.middle                               9.5     5       7
   n-tomato.delta                               11       3       8.5
   n-veget.upper                                20      15       9
   n-veget.middle                               18      18       9
   n-veget.delta                                19      16       8
   citrus.upper          2       2.5     1       1       9       1
   citrus.middle         2       3.5     1       1       8.5     1
   citrus.delta          2       2.8     1       1       8.5     1
   sugarcane.upper       5      14.5     8.5    10.5     1.5     1  ;

Table water (c,z,tm) 'water requrements (cm)'
                      oct     nov     dec     jan     feb     mar

   lo-berseem.upper           421     439     488     557     707
   lo-berseem.middle          389     427     410     493     560
   lo-berseem.delta           339     372     387     294     559
   sh-berseem.upper   420     439     388     457
   sh-berseem.middle  189     427     410     392
   sh-berseem.delta   139     272     187     294
   wheat.upper                 55     345     352     477     621
   wheat.middle                       267     325     382     373
   wheat.delta                        174     177     176     424
   barley.upper                76     230     234     298     414
   barley.middle              178     217     254     382     265
   barley.delta               116     118     118     289     296
   horse-bean.upper           254     322     258     352     414
   horse-bean.middle          194     246     313     342     361
   horse-bean.delta            84     229     243     291     340
   lentils.upper              168     315     420     420     294
   ot-legumes.upper           147     378     441     377     231
   ot-legumes.middle          147     378     441     377     231
   ot-legumes.delta           210     377     336     336     186
   flax.delta                         189     336     356     378
   w-onion.upper                      218     323     362     457
   w-onion.middle                     218     323     362     457
   w-onion.delta                      105     357     324     311
   w-tomato.middle    315     403     541     479
   w-tomato.delta     315     385     490     414
   w-veget.upper      241     521     691     600
   w-veget.middle     241     521     691     600
   w-veget.delta      190     480     530     427
   cotton.upper                                               260
   cotton.middle                                              141
   cotton.delta                                               120
   rice.delta         343
   s-potato.middle                                    211     454
   s-potato.delta                                     211     454
   s-tomato.upper                                     242     521
   s-tomato.middle                                    211     453
   s-tomato.delta                                     209     412
   s-veget.upper                                      270     560
   s-veget.middle                                     270     560
   s-veget.delta                                      208     412
   n-maize.upper      573     113
   n-maize.middle     530     114
   n-maize.delta      464     109
   n-potato.upper     489     479
   n-potato.middle    418     479
   n-potato.delta     370     378
   n-tomato.upper     489     349
   n-tomato.middle    418     479
   n-tomato.delta     369    8.30
   n-veget.upper      200
   n-veget.middle     200
   n-veget.delta      122
   citrus.upper       426     266     212     212     266     373
   citrus.middle      426     266     212     212     266     373
   citrus.delta       392     244     197     195     244     344
   sugarcane.upper    601     403     325     399     376     592

   +                  apr     may     jun     jul     aug     sep
   lo-berseem.upper   558
   lo-berseem.middle  314
   lo-berseem.delta   238
   wheat.upper        493
   wheat.middle       397
   wheat.delta        444
   barley.upper       328
   barley.middle       78
   barley.delta        65
   w-onion.upper      119
   w-onion.middle     102
   w-onion.delta      182
   cotton.upper       488     695     518     975     712     154
   cotton.middle      268     473     618     711     363     184
   cotton.delta       262     473     615     711     363     184
   rice.delta                 400    1001    1089    1458    1474
   s-maize.upper              256     691     999     733     146
   s-maize.middle             216     640     941     680     146
   s-maize.delta              213     558     844     692     134
   sorghum.upper                      215     669    1022     827
   sorghum.middle                     215     669    1022     827
   soyabeans.upper            573     943     892     174
   soyabeans.middle           573     943     892     174
   soyabeans.delta            493     817     791     149
   groundnut.upper    281     493     569     536     188
   groundnut.middle   281     493     569     536     189
   groundnut.delta    231     420     525     504     188
   sesame.upper               214     597     648     640
   s-potato.middle    623     588
   s-potato.delta     623     588
   s-tomato.upper     691     600
   s-tomato.middle    623     588
   s-tomato.delta     600     495
   s-veget.upper      720     610
   s-veget.middle     720     610
   s-veget.delta      622     580
   n-maize.upper                              253     665     752
   n-maize.middle                             253     665     752
   n-maize.delta                              248     688     740
   n-potato.upper                                     134     292
   n-potato.middle                                    121     246
   n-potato.delta                                     121     210
   n-tomato.upper                                     134     292
   n-tomato.middle                                    122     246
   n-tomato.delta                                     122     210
   n-veget.upper                              353     489     280
   n-veget.middle                             353     489     280
   n-veget.delta                              310     369     248
   citrus.upper       586     586     667     667     639     533
   citrus.middle      586     586     667     667     639     533
   citrus.delta       541     541     613     614     588     491
   sugarcane.upper    973    1138    1236    1244    1084     818;

Table tractor(c,z) 'tractor requirements (tractor hrs per feddan)'
                    upper  middle  delta
   lo-berseem       5.600   5.400  5.000
   sh-berseem       3.500   3.000  2.500
   wheat            7.000   6.800  4.000
   barley           7.000   8.000  8.500
   horse-bean       8.000   6.000  5.500
   lentils          8.000
   ot-legumes       5.000   5.000  5.300
   flax                            4.000
   w-onion          5.500   4.500  6.000
   w-tomato                 4.000  4.500
   w-veget          4.000   3.500  3.700
   cotton           4.200   5.000  6.500
   rice                            8.000
   s-maize          8.900   9.600  8.500
   sorghum          9.000   8.400
   soyabeans        8.500   8.500  9.000
   sesame           4.800
   s-potato                 5.200  5.400
   s-tomato         8.500   7.800  6.900
   s-veget          6.000   6.500  5.500
   n-maize          6.800   5.600  5.200
   n-potato         6.500   7.000  8.500
   n-tomato         7.800   8.300  9.000
   n-veget          4.800   5.000  4.000
   citrus           4.400   4.000  4.500
   sugarcane       15.000  17.000       ;

$sTitle Miscellaneous Data
Table veg(r,s) 'vegetables upper constraints by region'
                winter   summer    nili
*             (1000'f) (1000'f) (1000'f)
   u-egypt       42.0     40.0     50.0
   m-egypt      101.0    114.0    100.0
   e-delta      129.0    154.0    124.0
   m-delta       84.0    117.0     95.0
   w-delta       85.0    180.0    105.0;

Set cup(c) 'crops with upper bound on area' / cotton, citrus, sugarcane /;

Table upbnds(c,r) 'upper bounds on crops by region (1000 feddans)'
                   u-egypt  m-egypt  e-delta  m-delta  w-delta
   sugarcane           250
   cotton              175      202      341      416      160
   citrus               17       34       75       42       32;

Alias (r,rp);

Table tranc(r,rp) 'transfer cost per ton (le)'
                   m-egypt  e-delta  m-delta
   m-egypt             0.0      6.0      7.0
   e-delta             6.0      0.0      3.0
   m-delta             7.0      3.0      0.0;

Parameter
   los(c)      'factors defining commodity losses in storage'
   stran(r,rp) 'transfer costs per ton between regions'
   grdfcon(c)  'ratio of dry fodder to total'
   dfyld (r,c) 'dry fodder yield';

los("wheat")     = .090; los("barley")   = .114; los("horse-bean")= .152;
los("lentils")   = .188; los("w-tomato") = .100; los("cotton")    = .540;
los("s-maize")   = .049; los("s-tomato") = .100; los("sorghum")   = .055;
los("w-onion")   = .055; los("w-onion")  = .057; los("rice")      = .045;
los("groundnut") = .038; los("s-potato") = .285; los("citrus")    = .100;

grdfcon(cf)  = 1.0;
dfyld(r,cf)  = sum(z$zr(z,r), feed(cf,z)*grdfcon(cf));
stran (r,rp) = tranc(r,rp);

$sTitle Linearization of Demand Function
Set g 'grid' / 1*10 /;

Scalar
   high     'factor for maximum price of a commodity'  / 1.666 /
   low      'factor for minimum price of a commodity'  / 0.6   /;

Parameter
   pe(c)    'commodity export prices (le)'
   pm(c)    'commodity import prices (le)'
   alpha(c) 'demand curve intercept'
   beta(c)  'demand curve gradient'
   price(c) 'base price of crop commodities'
   pmax(c)  'maximum price for segments'
   pmin(c)  'minimum price for segments'
   qmax(c)  'maximum national consumption'
   qmin(c)  'minimum national consumption'
   incr(c)  'increment'
   ws(c,g)  'welfare  segments'
   rs(c,g)  'revenue  definition'
   qs(c,g)  'quantity definition';

price(c) = demdat(c,"base-p");
pe(c)    = demdat(c,"export-p");
pm(c)    = demdat(c,"import-p");

beta(cn)$demdat(cn,"domes-cons") = demdat(cn,"base-p")
                                 / demdat(cn,"domes-cons")/demdat(cn,"elas");
alpha(cn) = demdat(cn,"base-p") - beta(cn)*demdat(cn,"domes-cons");
demdat(cn,"dem-a") = alpha(cn);
demdat(cn,"dem-b") = beta(cn);
pmax(cn) =  price(cn)*high;
pmin(cn) = price(cn)*low ;
qmin(cn) = (pmax(cn) - alpha(cn))/beta(cn);
qmax(cn) = (pmin(cn) - alpha(cn))/beta(cn);
incr(cn) = (qmax(cn) - qmin(cn) )/(card(g) - 1);
qs(cn,g) = qmin(cn) + incr(cn)*(ord(g)-1);
ws(cn,g) = alpha(cn)*qs(cn,g)+ .5*beta(cn)*sqr(qs(cn,g));
rs(cn,g) = alpha(cn)*qs(cn,g)+    beta(cn)*sqr(qs(cn,g));

display cn, pe, beta, alpha, demdat, pmax, pmin, qmax, qmin, incr, qs, ws, rs;

$sTitle Intermediate Calculations and Reports
Scalar
   day   'number of working days per month'        /  20    /
   pnfl  'cost of one ton of n-fer  (local price)' / 178    /
   pnfi  'cost of one ton of n-fer (intern price)' / 200    /
   ppfl  'cost of one ton of p-fer  (local price)' / 200    /
   ppfi  'cost of one ton of p-fer (intern price)' / 140    /
   ptrl  'cost of one tractor hour  (local price)' / 1.5    /
   ptri  'cost of one tractor hour (intern price)' / 3.0    /
   grdf  'green and dry fodder ratio'              / .06723 /
   totmd 'value of meat and milk             (le)' / 749576 /;

Parameter
   netcs(c,r)   'cost of crop inputs(exl. labor) (le per fedd.)'
   regwatr(r,*) 'water available at root zone'
   eff(r)       'efficiency from canbal to root'
   prby(c)      'price of by products'
   prnut(nt)    'cost of artificial protein per ton        (le)'
   yld(c,c,r)   'adjusted crop yield matrix   (tons per feddan)'
   con(c)       'conversion factors for vegetabel oil'
                / cotton .175, soyabeans .175, sesame .470 /;

Set cnc(c,c)    'crop reclassification' /(maize     .(n-maize, s-maize)
                                          s+n-tomato.(s-tomato,n-tomato)
                                          potato    .(s-potato,n-potato)) /;

prnut(nt) = 1000;
eff(r)    = 0.6;
prby("horse-bean") = 21.75;
prby("rice")       =  5.75;

netcs(c,r) = (sum(z$zr(z,r), tractor(c,z)*ptrl)
           +  cropdat(c,"misc") + cropdat(c,"pest")
           +  cropdat(c,"n-fer")*pnfl + ppfl*cropdat(c,"p-fer")
           -  indprod(c,r)*prby(c))$yield(c,r);

yld(c,c,r)            = yield(c,r);
yld("veg-oil",c,r)    = yield(c,r)*con(c);
yld(cn,c,r)$cnc(cn,c) = yield(c,r);
yld(c,c,r)$sum(cn,cnc(cn,c) ) = 0.0;
regwatr(r,tm)         = regwat(r,tm)*eff(r);
regwatr(r,"total")    = sum(tm,regwatr(r,tm));

* Reports
Parameter rep1(c,z,*,*) 'report on crop input';
rep1(c,z,"land",tm)        =  land(c,z,tm);
rep1(c,z,"land","total")   =  sum(tm, land(c,z,tm));
rep1(c,z,"water",tm)       =  water(c,z,tm);
rep1(c,z,"water","total")  =  sum(tm, water(c,z,tm));
rep1(c,z,"laborm",tm)      =  laborm(c,z,tm);
rep1(c,z,"laborm","total") =  sum(tm, laborm(c,z,tm));

display  agrreg, regwat, regwagm;
display  "water - cubic meters per feddan ", rep1;
display  yield, yld, netcs;

$sTitle Variables and Equations
Variable
   xcrop (r,c)   "cropping activities                   (1000's feddans)"
   imports(c)    "national imports                         (1000's tons)"
   exports(c)    "national exports                         (1000's tons)"
   natq (c,g)    "domestic consumption                     (1000's tons)"
   anut (nt,r)   "livestock nutrition - protein and starch (1000's tons)"
   sales(c)      "gross production of a commodity"
   trans(c,r,rp) "straw quantity transfered to the region  (1000's tons)"
   fodder(r,c)   "straw obtained from by products          (1000's tons)"
   tlab(r,tm)    "temporary labor                      (1000 man months)"
   flab(r,tm)    "family labor                         (1000 man months)"
   cps           "consumer and producer surplus              (1000's le)";

Positive Variable
   xcrop, imports, exports, natq, anut, trans, fodder, sales, natq, tlab, flab;

Equation
   landb(r,tm)   "land balances                             (1ooo'fedds)"
   labbal(r,tm)  "labor balance                        (1000 man months)"
   waterb        "water constraints"
   vegetb(s,r)   "vegetables constraints"
   comb(c)       "commodity balance"
   demb(c)       "demand balance"
   conv(c)       "convexity constraints"
   gfodb(r)      "straw balance constraints"
   fodb(r,c)     "fodder balance"
   nutb(nt,r)    "nutrition balance"
   obj           "objective function";

$Stitle Equations
comb(cn)..
   sales(cn) =l= sum((r,c), xcrop(r,c)*yld(cn,c,r));

demb(cn)..
   sales(cn)*(1-los(cn))+imports(cn) =e= exports(cn) + sum(g,qs(cn,g)*natq(cn,g));

conv(cn)..
   sum(g,natq(cn,g)) =e= 1;

landb(r,tm)..
   sum((c,z)$zr(z,r),xcrop(r,c)*land(c,z,tm)) =l= agrreg(r,"area");

labbal(r,tm)..
   sum((c,z)$zr(z,r), xcrop(r,c)*laborm(c,z,tm))/day =l= tlab(r,tm) + flab(r,tm);

waterb..
   sum(r, sum((c,tm,z)$zr(z,r),xcrop(r,c)*water(c,z,tm))) =l= 30000*1000;

vegetb(s,r)..
   sum(c$sv(s,c), xcrop(r,c)) =l= veg(r,s)*1.5;

fodb(r,cf)..
   fodder(r,cf) =e= xcrop(r,cf)*sum(z$zr(z,r) ,feed(cf,z))
                 +  sum(rp$tranc(r,rp), trans(cf,rp,r) - trans(cf,r,rp))$ct(cf);

nutb(nt,r)..
   sum(cf,fodder(r,cf)*cropdat(cf,nt)*.01)+anut(nt,r) =g= agrreg (r,nt);

gfodb(r)..
   sum(cfg, fodder(r,cfg))*grdf =l= sum(cfd, fodder(r,cfd));

obj.. cps =e= totmd + sum(cn, sum(g,natq(cn,g)*ws(cn,g))
           +  exports(cn)*pe(cn)- imports(cn)*pm(cn))
           -  sum((ct,r,rp),trans(ct,r,rp)*stran(r,rp))
           -  sum((r,c),xcrop(r,c)*netcs(c,r))
           -  sum((r,nt), anut(nt,r)*prnut(nt))
           -  sum((r,tm), (flab(r,tm) + 2*tlab(r,tm))*regwagm(r,tm)*day);

Model egypt1 / all /;

option iterlim = 2000;

Table tlimit(c,*) 'trade limits (1000 tons)'
                   imports  exports
   w-onion                       60
   w-tomato                     100
   cotton                       inf
   s+n-tomato                   100
   citrus                       110
   potato                       150
   rice                         300
   wheat              5000
   horse-bean          inf
   maize               inf
   veg-oil             inf
   lentils              50         ;

xcrop.up(r,cup) = upbnds(cup,r);
imports.up(c)   = tlimit(c,"imports");
exports.up(c)   = tlimit(c,"exports");
flab.up(r,tm)   = agrreg(r,"farmers")*0.4;

solve egypt1 using lp maximizing cps;

$sTitle Report on Solution
Set s1 'headings of total production table'
       / crop-area, tot-prod, con-base, imports, exports /;

Parameter
   emply(*,r,*) "employment             (1000's man-month)"
   fert         "total quantity of fertilizer (1000's ton)"
   rep3         "report on aggrigate economic indicators"
   rep2         "cropped area report"
   rep4         "report on gross area etc."
   wateru       "water use report";

emply("farmers",r,tm)       = flab.l(r,tm);
emply("farmers",r,"total")  = sum(tm ,flab.l(r,tm));
emply("temp-lab",r,tm)      = tlab.l(r,tm);
emply("temp-lab",r,"total") = sum(tm ,tlab.l(r,tm));
wateru(r,tm)                = sum((c,z)$zr(z,r),xcrop.l(r,c)*water(c,z,tm));
wateru(r,"total")           = sum(tm ,wateru(r,tm));
fert("p-fert", r)           = sum(c,xcrop.l(r,c)*cropdat(c,"p-fer"));
fert("p-fert","total")      = sum(r, fert("p-fert",r));
fert("n-fert",r)            = sum(c,xcrop.l(r,c)*cropdat(c,"n-fer"));
fert("n-fert","total")      = sum(r,fert("n-fert",r));

rep3("cps")     = cps.l ;
rep3("valpro")  = sum((r,c),xcrop.l(r,c)*yield(c,r)*demdat(c,"export-p"));
rep3("valexp")  = sum(cn,exports.l(cn)*pe(cn));
rep3("valimp")  = sum(cn,imports.l(cn)*pm(cn));
rep3("revenue") = sum(cn,sum(g,natq.l(cn,g)*rs(cn,g))) + rep3("valexp")
                + sum((r,c),xcrop.l(r,c)*indprod(c,r)*prby(c));
rep3("yfarm")   = rep3("revenue") -sum((r,c),xcrop.l(r,c)*netcs(c,r))
                - sum((r,nt),anut.l(nt,r)*prnut(nt))
                - sum((ct,r,rp),  trans.l(ct,r,rp)*stran(r,rp))
                + sum((r,c),xcrop.l(r,c)*indprod(c,r)*prby(c));

rep2(c,r)             = xcrop.l(r,c);
rep2(c,"total")       = sum(r, rep2(c,r));
rep2("total",r)       = sum(c,rep2(c,r));
rep2("total","total") = sum((c,r),rep2(c,r));
rep4(c, "crop-area")  = rep2(c,"total");
rep4(c, "tot-prod")   = sales.l(c);
rep4(c, "con-base")   = demdat(c,"domes-cons");
rep4(cn,"imports")    = imports.l(cn);
rep4(cn,"exports")    = exports.l(cn);
rep4("total",s1)      = sum(c,rep4(c,s1));

display emply, fert, rep2, rep3, rep4, wateru;